WASHINGTON -- This year, North Carolina is giving its citizens an incredible public health gift - the opportunity to breathe clean indoor air. As of yesterday, most bars and restaurants in the Tar Heel state are smoke-free. That means hospitality workers and patrons alike will be protected against the harmful effects of secondhand smoke.
This action stems directly from conclusive scientific evidence that documents the adverse effects of involuntary smoking on children and adults. Each year, nationwide, exposure to secondhand smoke kills approximately 3,400 adult nonsmokers from lung cancer, 46,000 adult nonsmokers from coronary heart disease and 430 babies from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Exposed children are also at increased risk for asthma, ear infections and other illnesses.
In addition to these health burdens, tobacco use exacts a significant economic toll. Each year, the United States spends more than $96 billion on medical expenses related to smoking, as well as an estimated $97 billion lost in reduced productivity. North Carolina spends an estimated $2.46 billion a year on smoking-related medical expenses, with almost 12 percent of that figure spent on treating conditions caused by secondhand smoke exposure.
While a law that protects all citizens from secondhand smoke in the workplace would be ideal, a smoke-free policy in restaurants and bars represents a good first step. Too many still incorrectly believe that use of separate seating areas in restaurants, or use of a fan (or an open window) to redirect smoke can protect nonsmokers. But the 2006 U.S. Surgeon General Report concluded there is no risk-free level of exposure. The only protection is through 100 percent smoke-free environments.
So with this new law in effect, North Carolina will be saving lives, protecting its residents and saving money. And the state now joins 26 others, the District of Columbia and scores of municipalities in passing similar laws. By the end of 2010, 62 percent of the U.S. population will be protected from secondhand smoke exposure when frequenting bars and restaurants. North Carolina is contributing to this accelerating national momentum.
The New Year also brings renewed hope and opportunity for personal change. If you still smoke, you can consider resolving to refrain from smoking in your home, vehicle or workplace. Adopting these smoke-free measures can also enhance cessation efforts, as so many smokers want to quit but have not yet successfully done so.
North Carolina has taken a public and powerful step toward public health. The state should know that its efforts are being recognized nationwide as the country moves toward a smoke-free future.
Howard K. Koh, M.D., is the assistant secretary for health at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Anand K. Parekh, M.D., is the deputy assistant secretary for health (science and medicine) at the department.
