Sea turtles march in record numbers

Some think Hatteras beach driving ban is responsible for surge

CAPE HATTERAS -- Turtles are crawling ashore and laying eggs on this windy elbow of sand in record numbers.

The number of sea turtle nests is up all along the state's coast this year, but the increase at the Cape Hatteras National Seashore is roughly twice the overall state increase. A rare green turtle laid the 111th nest Thursday.

That's good news for threatened loggerheads and other sea turtles. But as eggs near hatching, it means another flurry of beach closings and a new round of frustration as the popular fall fishing season gets under way.

"It's a balancing act between people and turtles," said Michelle Baker Bogardus, a sea turtle biologist with the U.S. Park Service. "We have an obligation as a park to allow people on the beach. With 111 nests, we're facing a tough fall season."

The seashore covers 67 miles of sandy beaches on Bodie, Hatteras and Ocracoke islands, providing some of the best fishing on the coast.

A legal settlement -- agreed to by the park service, environmental groups and local interests -- requires that stretches of the seashore be off-limits to recreation during bird and turtle nesting seasons to protect threatened and declining species.

This time of year, the focus shifts from birds, which have mostly flown, to turtles, which will hatch through October. As of this week, about 80 of the 111 nests had yet to hatch.

The agreement banned nighttime beach driving in off-road vehicles from May 1 until mid-September. To accommodate fall fishing, fishermen will be allowed to drive on the beach at night by permit from Sept. 16 through Nov. 15.

But turtles typically crawl ashore at night to lay eggs, and hatchlings emerge at night. To guard against disturbance, closed areas around sea turtle nests that are near hatching will be expanded from dune to ocean starting in mid-September, temporarily cutting off some sections of beach.

Drivers feel targeted

Larry Hardham, a local angler who has spent hundreds of hours as a volunteer patrolling for turtle nests at Pea Island National Wildlife Refuge, said he loves turtles but is frustrated by the additional fall closures.

"There are a lot of people who feel this is not about science," Hardham said. "This is about getting ORVs off the beaches."

Hardham said many of the most popular fishing spots are a mile or two down the beach. Reaching them with fishing gear, ice and chairs is impractical without driving.

Park Service workers enclose nests that are near the hatch date with horseshoe-shaped plastic fencing open on the ocean. Hardham said the fencing should be sufficient without expanding the closed areas.

"I just don't see the need for the full beach closures in areas where there is space to walk or drive behind them," Hardham said.

He said the lights of oceanfront houses are more distracting to hatchlings than the headlights of the occasional off-road vehicle.

"The occasional ORV passing behind a nest is not going to have the disorienting effect that lights burning in a house all night will have," Hardham said.

Numbers up, but why?

Turtle nesting goes up and down year to year. Statewide, 821 loggerhead nests have been laid in 2008, about 15 percent above the average of 715 nests, said Matthew Godfrey, sea turtle biologist for the N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission.

Environmentalists say the increases at Cape Hatteras are exactly what experts predicted would occur if nighttime driving was banned.

Derb Carter, a lawyer with the Southern Environmental Law Center's Carolinas office, which filed the lawsuit resulting in the settlement, said it was encouraging to see the record number of nests. He said environmentalists were trying to assess how much was attributable to the closures.